HardwoodDurability class 5

European Hornbeam

Carpinus betulus

Very thick sapwood so boards are often nearly all sapwood; nearly white overall; pale yellowish-brown heartwood not clearly demarcated.

European hornbeam (Carpinus betulus) is an extremely hard, tough European hardwood with a pale colour and fine, uniform texture. It’s used where wear resistance matters—tool handles, mallet heads, flooring, and turning—though it can be difficult to dry without movement.

About this data — sources, methodology & acknowledgements →Data last updated: 23 May 2026