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Knowledge base
Species Library.
Source of truth.
Mechanical and botanical data for commercial timber species — properties, workability, movement, durability, and buying notes.
76
Species documented
with profile data
52
Hardwoods
European & global
24
Softwoods
commercial species
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76 species
Accoya
Pinus radiata (acetylated)
Softwood
Density
510 kg/m³
Durability
Class 1
T/R Ratio
2.1
African Mahogany (Khaya)
Khaya ivorensis
Hardwood
Density
640 kg/m³
Durability
Class 3
T/R Ratio
1.5
African Padauk
Pterocarpus soyauxii
Hardwood
Density
745 kg/m³
Durability
Class 1
T/R Ratio
1.6
Afrormosia
Pericopsis elata
Hardwood
Density
725 kg/m³
Durability
Class 1
T/R Ratio
1.9
Alaska Yellow Cedar
Callitropsis nootkatensis
Softwood
Density
500 kg/m³
Durability
Class 1
T/R Ratio
2.1
American Tulipwood
Liriodendron tulipifera
Hardwood
Density
510 kg/m³
Durability
Class 4
T/R Ratio
1.8
Ayous
Triplochiton scleroxylon
Hardwood
Density
380 kg/m³
Durability
Class 5
T/R Ratio
1.7
Balsa
Ochroma pyramidale
Hardwood
Density
—
Durability
Class 5
T/R Ratio
2.6
Black Cherry
Prunus serotina
Hardwood
Density
560 kg/m³
Durability
Class 1
T/R Ratio
1.9
Black Poplar
Populus nigra
Hardwood
Density
385 kg/m³
Durability
Class 5
T/R Ratio
2.3
Black Walnut
Juglans nigra
Hardwood
Density
610 kg/m³
Durability
Class 1
T/R Ratio
1.4
Common Alder
Alnus glutinosa
Hardwood
Density
535 kg/m³
Durability
Class 5
T/R Ratio
1.7
Dark Red Meranti
Shorea spp.
Hardwood
Density
710 kg/m³
Durability
Class 4
T/R Ratio
1.8
Douglas Fir
Pseudotsuga menziesii
Softwood
Density
510 kg/m³
Durability
Class 3
T/R Ratio
1.6
Downy Birch
Betula pubescens
Hardwood
Density
650 kg/m³
Durability
Class 5
T/R Ratio
1.6
Eastern Red Cedar
Juniperus virginiana
Softwood
Density
560 kg/m³
Durability
Class 2
T/R Ratio
1.5
Eastern White Pine
Pinus strobus
Softwood
Density
350 kg/m³
Durability
Class 4
T/R Ratio
2.9
Ekki
Lophira alata
Hardwood
Density
1070 kg/m³
Durability
Class 2
T/R Ratio
1.3
English Elm
Ulmus procera
Hardwood
Density
565 kg/m³
Durability
Class 5
T/R Ratio
1.4
English Oak
Quercus robur
Hardwood
Density
675 kg/m³
Durability
Class 1
T/R Ratio
1.8
European Ash
Fraxinus excelsior
Hardwood
Density
680 kg/m³
Durability
Class 5
T/R Ratio
1.7
European Aspen
Populus tremula
Hardwood
Density
450 kg/m³
Durability
Class 5
T/R Ratio
1.7
European Beech
Fagus sylvatica
Hardwood
Density
710 kg/m³
Durability
Class 5
T/R Ratio
2.0
European Hornbeam
Carpinus betulus
Hardwood
Density
735 kg/m³
Durability
Class 5
T/R Ratio
1.7
European Larch
Larix decidua
Softwood
Density
575 kg/m³
Durability
Class 3
T/R Ratio
2.0
European Lime
Tilia × europaea
Hardwood
Density
535 kg/m³
Durability
Class 5
T/R Ratio
1.5
European Oak
Quercus robur / Quercus petraea
Hardwood
Density
700 kg/m³
Durability
Class 2
T/R Ratio
2.0
European Redwood
Pinus sylvestris
Softwood
Density
510 kg/m³
Durability
Class 4
T/R Ratio
1.9
European Silver Fir
Abies alba
Softwood
Density
415 kg/m³
Durability
Class 5
T/R Ratio
2.2
European Walnut
Juglans regia
Hardwood
Density
640 kg/m³
Durability
Class 3
T/R Ratio
1.4
European Whitewood
Picea abies (primarily)
Softwood
Density
450 kg/m³
Durability
Class 5
T/R Ratio
2.2
European Yew
Taxus baccata
Softwood
Density
675 kg/m³
Durability
Class 1
T/R Ratio
1.6
Field Maple
Acer campestre
Hardwood
Density
690 kg/m³
Durability
Class 5
T/R Ratio
—
Greenheart
Chlorocardium rodiei
Hardwood
Density
1040 kg/m³
Durability
Class 1
T/R Ratio
1.3
Grey Alder
Alnus incana
Hardwood
Density
480 kg/m³
Durability
Class 5
T/R Ratio
2.0
Hard Maple
Acer saccharum
Hardwood
Density
705 kg/m³
Durability
Class 5
T/R Ratio
2.1
Honduran Mahogany
Swietenia macrophylla
Hardwood
Density
590 kg/m³
Durability
Class 2
T/R Ratio
1.5
Hybrid Larch
Larix × marschlinsii
Softwood
Density
530 kg/m³
Durability
Class 4
T/R Ratio
1.7
Idigbo
Terminalia ivorensis
Hardwood
Density
560 kg/m³
Durability
Class 3
T/R Ratio
1.8
Ipe
Handroanthus serratifolius (and related Handroanthus spp., traded as ipe)
Hardwood
Density
1050 kg/m³
Durability
Class 1
T/R Ratio
1.3
Iroko
Milicia excelsa
Hardwood
Density
660 kg/m³
Durability
Class 1
T/R Ratio
1.5
Japanese Larch
Larix kaempferi
Softwood
Density
530 kg/m³
Durability
Class 3
T/R Ratio
1.6
Keruing
Dipterocarpus spp.
Hardwood
Density
740 kg/m³
Durability
Class 3
T/R Ratio
1.8
London Plane
Platanus × acerifolia
Hardwood
Density
560 kg/m³
Durability
Class 5
T/R Ratio
1.7
Merbau
Intsia spp. (I. bijuga, I. palembanica)
Hardwood
Density
815 kg/m³
Durability
Class 1
T/R Ratio
1.7
Norway Maple
Acer platanoides
Hardwood
Density
645 kg/m³
Durability
Class 5
T/R Ratio
—
Norway Spruce
Picea abies
Softwood
Density
405 kg/m³
Durability
Class 4
T/R Ratio
2.1
Pear
Pyrus communis
Hardwood
Density
690 kg/m³
Durability
Class 5
T/R Ratio
2.9
Radiata Pine
Pinus radiata
Softwood
Density
515 kg/m³
Durability
Class 5
T/R Ratio
2.0
Red Oak
Quercus rubra
Hardwood
Density
700 kg/m³
Durability
Class 5
T/R Ratio
2.1
Robinia
Robinia pseudoacacia
Hardwood
Density
770 kg/m³
Durability
Class 2
T/R Ratio
1.6
Sapele
Entandrophragma cylindricum
Hardwood
Density
665 kg/m³
Durability
Class 2
T/R Ratio
1.4
Scots Pine
Pinus sylvestris
Softwood
Density
550 kg/m³
Durability
Class 4
T/R Ratio
1.6
Sessile Oak
Quercus petraea
Hardwood
Density
710 kg/m³
Durability
Class 1
T/R Ratio
2.2
Siberian Larch
Larix sibirica
Softwood
Density
610 kg/m³
Durability
Class 3
T/R Ratio
2.1
Silver Birch
Betula pendula
Hardwood
Density
670 kg/m³
Durability
Class 5
T/R Ratio
1.4
Sitka Spruce
Picea sitchensis
Softwood
Density
425 kg/m³
Durability
Class 4
T/R Ratio
1.7
Southern Yellow Pine
Pinus palustris (and related spp.)
Softwood
Density
650 kg/m³
Durability
Class 3
T/R Ratio
1.5
SPF (Spruce-Pine-Fir)
Picea spp. / Pinus spp. / Abies spp. (mixed)
Softwood
Density
430 kg/m³
Durability
Class 5
T/R Ratio
2.0
Sweet Chestnut
Castanea sativa
Hardwood
Density
590 kg/m³
Durability
Class 1
T/R Ratio
1.6
Sycamore Maple
Acer pseudoplatanus
Hardwood
Density
615 kg/m³
Durability
Class 5
T/R Ratio
1.7
Teak
Tectona grandis
Hardwood
Density
655 kg/m³
Durability
Class 1
T/R Ratio
2.0
Utile
Entandrophragma utile
Hardwood
Density
635 kg/m³
Durability
Class 2
T/R Ratio
1.4
Wenge
Millettia laurentii
Hardwood
Density
870 kg/m³
Durability
Class 2
T/R Ratio
1.7
Western Hemlock
Tsuga heterophylla
Softwood
Density
465 kg/m³
Durability
Class 5
T/R Ratio
1.9
Western Larch
Larix occidentalis
Softwood
Density
575 kg/m³
Durability
Class 3
T/R Ratio
2.0
Western Red Cedar
Thuja plicata
Softwood
Density
370 kg/m³
Durability
Class 2
T/R Ratio
2.1
Western White Pine
Pinus monticola
Softwood
Density
420 kg/m³
Durability
Class 5
T/R Ratio
1.8
White Ash
Fraxinus americana
Hardwood
Density
675 kg/m³
Durability
Class 5
T/R Ratio
1.6
White Oak
Quercus alba
Hardwood
Density
755 kg/m³
Durability
Class 1
T/R Ratio
1.9
White Poplar
Populus alba
Hardwood
Density
420 kg/m³
Durability
Class 5
T/R Ratio
2.4
White Spruce
Picea glauca
Softwood
Density
450 kg/m³
Durability
Class 5
T/R Ratio
1.9
White Willow
Salix alba
Hardwood
Density
400 kg/m³
Durability
Class 5
T/R Ratio
1.7
Wild Cherry (European Cherry)
Prunus avium
Hardwood
Density
580 kg/m³
Durability
Class 5
T/R Ratio
1.9
Wych Elm
Ulmus glabra
Hardwood
Density
560 kg/m³
Durability
Class 5
T/R Ratio
1.5
Yellow Birch
Betula alleghaniensis
Hardwood
Density
689 kg/m³
Durability
Class 5
T/R Ratio
1.3
Related tool
Wood Movement Planner
Use species movement data in the calculator — pick a species and get movement estimates for board width and moisture ranges.